State profile · 254 counties · 1,173 towns
Internet providers in Texas
Fiber reaches 64% of homes in Texas, and 11 non-satellite providers each cover at least 5% of homes.
- Homes and businesses
- 13,947,589
- FCC locations
- Providers covering 5%+ of homes
- 14
- 11 wired or fixed wireless
- Fiber reach
- 64%
- of homes, 100/20 Mbps
- Gigabit reach
- 78%
- of homes, 1,000/100 Mbps
- Households without internet
- 6.2%
- Census estimate
Who serves this area
Providers that serve Texas
Each bar is the share of homes where the provider reports service. Many homes can choose more than one provider.
42 more providers report smaller service areas; see the table.
Satellite available almost everywhere, shown separately
Show all 30 providers as a table
| Provider | Homes covered | Main technology | Company |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT&T | 64% | Not specified | AT&T Inc. |
| T-Mobile | 63% | Fixed wireless | T-Mobile USA, Inc. |
| Verizon | 61% | Not specified | Verizon Communications Inc. |
| Spectrum | 49% | Cable | Charter Communications |
| Xfinity | 22% | Cable | Comcast Corporation |
| Nextlink Internet | 15% | Not specified | AMG Technology Investment Group LLC |
| Rise Broadband | 12% | Fixed wireless | JAB Wireless, Inc. |
| Optimum | 10% | Cable | Optimum Communications |
| Frontier | 7% | Not specified | Frontier Communications Corporation |
| Valley Telephone Cooperative, Inc. (TX) | 7% | Not specified | Valley Telephone Cooperative, Inc. (TX) |
| Astound | 5% | Cable | Radiate Holdings, LP |
| Metronet | 4% | Fiber | Metronet Holdings, LLC |
| Google Fiber | 4% | Not specified | Google LLC |
| Sparklight | 3% | Cable | Cable One, Inc. |
| Ezee Fiber Texas, LLC | 3% | Not specified | Ezee Fiber Texas, LLC |
| Brightspeed | 3% | Not specified | Connect Holding II LLC |
| Kinetic | 3% | Not specified | Uniti Group Inc. |
| PCC Holdings, Inc. | 2% | Not specified | PCC Holdings, Inc. |
| Wireless Internet Corporation | 2% | Not specified | Wireless Internet Corporation |
| Guadalupe Valley Electric Cooperative, Inc. | 2% | Not specified | Guadalupe Valley Electric Cooperative, Inc. |
| Alamo Broadband Inc. | 2% | Not specified | Alamo Broadband Inc. |
| Stratosnet Technologies, Inc. | 2% | Not specified | Stratosnet Technologies, Inc. |
| RTA of America | 2% | Not specified | RTA of America |
| Gtek Communications | 2% | Not specified | Gtek Communications |
| ElektraFi LLC | 2% | Not specified | ElektraFi LLC |
| Fidium | 2% | Not specified | Fidium Holdings, LLC |
| Tachus | 1% | Fiber | Tachus LLC |
| Plains Internet, LLC | 1% | Not specified | Plains Internet, LLC |
| Innovative Financial Technologies LLC | 1% | Not specified | Innovative Financial Technologies LLC |
| Point Broadband | 1% | Not specified | Point Broadband Fiber Holding, LLC |
Source: FCC National Broadband Map, provider filings as of December 30, 2025 · How we use the data
The table lists the 30 providers with the widest coverage; 27 more providers report smaller service areas in Texas.
Towns and cities
The largest places in Texas
- No. 1Houston, TX
- No. 2San Antonio, TX
- No. 3Dallas, TX
- No. 4Austin, TX
- No. 5Fort Worth, TX
- No. 6El Paso, TX
- No. 7Arlington, TX
- No. 8Corpus Christi, TX
- No. 9Lubbock, TX
- No. 10Plano, TX
- No. 11Irving, TX
- No. 12Amarillo, TX
All 1,173 towns and cities, A–Z
Our read of the numbers
What this means for you
Fiber is a likely option. Providers report fiber at 100/20 Mbps or faster for 64% of homes in Texas. When comparing, ask about upload speeds, which are often higher on fiber plans.
Gigabit is widely reported. Gigabit plans (1,000 Mbps download, 100 Mbps upload) are reported for 78% of homes. Compare prices across speed tiers; a slower tier can cost less if your household does not need the top speed.
You likely have a real choice. 4 non-satellite providers each reach at least a quarter of homes, so many addresses have a real choice. That matters most when a promotional price ends.
Data stories
Texas, ranked
Guides
Guides for Texas
See all 254 countiesFiber, wired coverage and households without internet, county by county
County by county
Internet by county in Texas
| County | Locations | Fiber | Any wired | No internet |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anderson County | 25,081 | 60% | 71% | 8.5% |
| Andrews County | 8,493 | 67% | 86% | 7.7% |
| Angelina County | 42,363 | 48% | 75% | 7.7% |
| Aransas County | 18,322 | 37% | 94% | 7.1% |
| Archer County | 5,088 | 82% | 82% | 9.4% |
| Armstrong County | 1,267 | 93% | 93% | 6.6% |
| Atascosa County | 22,734 | 50% | 56% | 15.2% |
| Austin County | 16,738 | 34% | 50% | 19.2% |
| Bailey County | 3,616 | over 99% | over 99% | 14.5% |
| Bandera County | 13,641 | 92% | 92% | 8.2% |
| Bastrop County | 46,894 | 39% | 76% | 7.6% |
| Baylor County | 3,052 | 72% | 73% | 14.2% |
| Bee County | 13,104 | 29% | 66% | 16.7% |
| Bell County | 173,887 | 63% | 93% | 6.3% |
| Bexar County | 903,617 | 73% | 97% | 5.6% |
| Blanco County | 7,599 | 43% | 44% | 7.5% |
| Borden County | 534 | 57% | 57% | 6.2% |
| Bosque County | 12,709 | 43% | 49% | 15.1% |
| Bowie County | 47,497 | 60% | 92% | 13.9% |
| Brazoria County | 170,620 | 63% | 93% | 4.2% |
| Brazos County | 112,254 | 47% | 89% | 4.8% |
| Brewster County | 7,320 | 63% | 78% | 13.7% |
| Briscoe County | 1,328 | 98% | 98% | 24.4% |
| Brooks County | 3,839 | 86% | 86% | 20.5% |
| Brown County | 23,204 | 63% | 63% | 9.6% |
| Burleson County | 12,289 | 29% | 29% | 13.5% |
| Burnet County | 31,929 | 11% | 57% | 6.7% |
| Caldwell County | 21,363 | 59% | 70% | 8.1% |
| Calhoun County | 12,825 | 74% | 90% | 9.4% |
| Callahan County | 8,201 | 64% | 75% | 8.1% |
| Cameron County | 181,075 | 36% | 94% | 11.7% |
| Camp County | 7,613 | 75% | 89% | 11.5% |
| Carson County | 3,729 | 68% | 70% | 15.3% |
| Cass County | 17,240 | 61% | 83% | 18.4% |
| Castro County | 4,080 | 76% | 77% | 13.3% |
| Chambers County | 23,168 | 55% | 85% | 5.7% |
| Cherokee County | 26,182 | 74% | 89% | 14.5% |
| Childress County | 3,683 | 86% | 86% | 15.0% |
| Clay County | 6,622 | 86% | 89% | 9.6% |
| Cochran County | 1,795 | 72% | 83% | 19.2% |
| Coke County | 3,342 | 40% | 40% | 9.2% |
| Coleman County | 6,987 | 75% | 77% | 11.1% |
| Collin County | 507,114 | 75% | 93% | 2.4% |
| Collingsworth County | 2,117 | 64% | 67% | 13.4% |
| Colorado County | 13,501 | 37% | 49% | 16.0% |
| Comal County | 91,234 | 74% | 95% | 3.0% |
| Comanche County | 9,383 | 54% | 54% | 11.7% |
| Concho County | 2,644 | 49% | 49% | 11.4% |
| Cooke County | 22,583 | 71% | 72% | 11.4% |
| Coryell County | 32,439 | 70% | 75% | 7.3% |
| Cottle County | 1,345 | 96% | 96% | 24.3% |
| Crane County | 2,180 | 1% | 75% | 10.4% |
| Crockett County | 2,264 | 62% | 62% | 12.7% |
| Crosby County | 3,418 | 87% | 90% | 10.4% |
| Culberson County | 1,570 | 64% | 65% | 19.1% |
| Dallam County | 3,972 | 97% | 97% | 12.4% |
| Dallas County | 1,179,986 | 68% | 95% | 5.4% |
| Dawson County | 6,189 | 98% | 98% | 10.2% |
| Deaf Smith County | 8,654 | 96% | 96% | 18.0% |
| Delta County | 3,309 | 79% | 79% | 11.6% |
| Denton County | 428,130 | 76% | 94% | 2.2% |
| DeWitt County | 13,086 | 57% | 60% | 18.2% |
| Dickens County | 1,819 | 97% | 97% | 11.3% |
| Dimmit County | 5,144 | 1% | 64% | 25.3% |
| Donley County | 3,269 | 62% | 66% | 22.2% |
| Duval County | 6,382 | 7% | 42% | 30.7% |
| Eastland County | 12,675 | 9% | 52% | 11.4% |
| Ector County | 79,911 | 45% | 90% | 9.0% |
| Edwards County | 3,052 | 34% | 34% | 30.7% |
| El Paso County | 358,317 | 51% | 95% | 7.7% |
| Ellis County | 88,137 | 52% | 81% | 5.6% |
| Erath County | 21,319 | 71% | 88% | 7.3% |
| Falls County | 9,836 | 27% | 39% | 14.7% |
| Fannin County | 18,421 | 28% | 38% | 11.3% |
| Fayette County | 18,160 | 67% | 71% | 14.9% |
| Fisher County | 3,087 | 8% | 36% | 12.9% |
| Floyd County | 3,687 | 24% | 65% | 20.7% |
| Foard County | 917 | 91% | 91% | 29.1% |
| Fort Bend County | 349,536 | 82% | 97% | 3.0% |
| Franklin County | 7,021 | 80% | 84% | 8.9% |
| Freestone County | 12,440 | 22% | 47% | 15.9% |
| Frio County | 8,482 | 26% | 69% | 19.2% |
| Gaines County | 10,752 | 49% | 58% | 15.2% |
| Galveston County | 180,244 | 60% | 96% | 4.5% |
| Garza County | 2,997 | 95% | 95% | 14.3% |
| Gillespie County | 20,472 | 45% | 59% | 8.5% |
| Glasscock County | 837 | 85% | 85% | 11.7% |
| Goliad County | 5,074 | 5% | 27% | 19.4% |
| Gonzales County | 12,149 | 68% | 69% | 10.1% |
| Gray County | 12,084 | 68% | 83% | 9.9% |
| Grayson County | 74,248 | 52% | 85% | 7.7% |
| Gregg County | 63,571 | 92% | 97% | 9.2% |
| Grimes County | 16,405 | 84% | 88% | 14.3% |
| Guadalupe County | 79,633 | 65% | 96% | 4.3% |
| Hale County | 16,239 | 80% | 88% | 17.0% |
| Hall County | 2,451 | 76% | 80% | 16.6% |
| Hamilton County | 6,000 | 62% | 62% | 12.3% |
| Hansford County | 3,171 | 83% | 83% | 9.1% |
| Hardeman County | 2,611 | 35% | 62% | 18.9% |
| Hardin County | 28,654 | 55% | 95% | 11.2% |
| Harris County | 2,153,364 | 65% | 98% | 5.7% |
| Harrison County | 33,504 | 49% | 92% | 12.6% |
| Hartley County | 2,500 | 89% | 89% | 5.3% |
| Haskell County | 4,223 | 80% | 81% | 8.0% |
| Hays County | 121,563 | 40% | 92% | 3.1% |
| Hemphill County | 2,317 | 73% | 73% | 18.6% |
| Henderson County | 49,169 | 32% | 69% | 11.5% |
| Hidalgo County | 354,405 | 38% | 94% | 9.7% |
| Hill County | 21,350 | 28% | 49% | 10.0% |
| Hockley County | 11,494 | 72% | 75% | 12.0% |
| Hood County | 33,862 | 61% | 91% | 5.2% |
| Hopkins County | 19,626 | 71% | 79% | 7.8% |
| Houston County | 14,174 | 57% | 68% | 16.6% |
| Howard County | 16,437 | 70% | 87% | 11.7% |
| Hudspeth County | 1,689 | 1% | 10% | 11.4% |
| Hunt County | 50,650 | 68% | 80% | 7.8% |
| Hutchinson County | 11,658 | 70% | 87% | 9.3% |
| Irion County | 1,157 | 34% | 34% | 17.3% |
| Jack County | 5,669 | 44% | 47% | 9.8% |
| Jackson County | 8,521 | 65% | 67% | 12.9% |
| Jasper County | 19,991 | 63% | 86% | 7.3% |
| Jeff Davis County | 1,865 | 17% | 22% | 9.9% |
| Jefferson County | 121,821 | 47% | 93% | 8.0% |
| Jim Hogg County | 2,774 | 87% | 87% | 23.2% |
| Jim Wells County | 20,767 | 41% | 68% | 22.5% |
| Johnson County | 83,475 | 86% | 91% | 5.2% |
| Jones County | 8,875 | 66% | 71% | 14.3% |
| Karnes County | 7,663 | 57% | 57% | 24.0% |
| Kaufman County | 74,127 | 73% | 81% | 6.5% |
| Kendall County | 23,746 | 85% | 88% | 3.1% |
| Kenedy County | 323 | 60% | 61% | 30.9% |
| Kent County | 860 | 94% | 94% | 10.1% |
| Kerr County | 29,431 | 70% | 88% | 6.4% |
| Kimble County | 4,494 | 42% | 42% | 8.6% |
| King County | 222 | 88% | 88% | 0.0% |
| Kinney County | 2,331 | 68% | 68% | 27.1% |
| Kleberg County | 16,244 | 58% | 85% | 10.9% |
| Knox County | 2,409 | 86% | 86% | 11.6% |
| La Salle County | 4,049 | 8% | 60% | 13.4% |
| Lamar County | 31,059 | 58% | 67% | 11.4% |
| Lamb County | 7,503 | 86% | 88% | 12.5% |
| Lampasas County | 12,174 | 30% | 50% | 4.9% |
| Lavaca County | 14,252 | 47% | 61% | 16.4% |
| Lee County | 10,933 | 38% | 41% | 12.0% |
| Leon County | 10,413 | 48% | 55% | 12.3% |
| Liberty County | 46,032 | 66% | 81% | 9.1% |
| Limestone County | 13,215 | 12% | 53% | 17.3% |
| Lipscomb County | 2,360 | 61% | 68% | 10.9% |
| Live Oak County | 8,043 | 34% | 37% | 20.0% |
| Llano County | 19,061 | 13% | 55% | 9.2% |
| Loving County | 135 | 8% | 38% | 7.4% |
| Lubbock County | 160,230 | 80% | 93% | 6.7% |
| Lynn County | 3,466 | 96% | 96% | 8.0% |
| Madison County | 6,527 | 55% | 68% | 9.8% |
| Marion County | 6,742 | 69% | 81% | 22.0% |
| Martin County | 3,151 | 86% | 86% | 10.4% |
| Mason County | 3,783 | 45% | 45% | 9.5% |
| Matagorda County | 22,741 | 49% | 75% | 11.3% |
| Maverick County | 22,972 | 7% | 91% | 18.1% |
| McCulloch County | 6,092 | 73% | 78% | 5.8% |
| McLennan County | 121,971 | 49% | 86% | 7.2% |
| McMullen County | 887 | 56% | 56% | 18.8% |
| Medina County | 25,200 | 56% | 60% | 10.2% |
| Menard County | 2,459 | 35% | 35% | 17.7% |
| Midland County | 85,030 | 54% | 85% | 5.5% |
| Milam County | 14,752 | 43% | 50% | 12.7% |
| Mills County | 4,179 | 98% | 98% | 8.9% |
| Mitchell County | 4,716 | 60% | 62% | 13.0% |
| Montague County | 13,000 | 54% | 59% | 16.5% |
| Montgomery County | 316,606 | 85% | 96% | 3.2% |
| Moore County | 9,982 | 75% | 84% | 12.1% |
| Morris County | 7,285 | 70% | 84% | 10.8% |
| Motley County | 1,138 | 97% | 97% | 19.1% |
| Nacogdoches County | 33,334 | 44% | 70% | 9.8% |
| Navarro County | 28,124 | 13% | 48% | 13.5% |
| Newton County | 7,664 | 87% | 88% | 8.1% |
| Nolan County | 9,067 | 58% | 79% | 15.0% |
| Nueces County | 171,705 | 61% | 95% | 8.5% |
| Ochiltree County | 5,782 | 85% | 86% | 9.0% |
| Oldham County | 1,106 | 59% | 70% | 5.2% |
| Orange County | 41,716 | 31% | 94% | 7.2% |
| Palo Pinto County | 18,858 | 45% | 54% | 6.7% |
| Panola County | 13,261 | 40% | 74% | 13.8% |
| Parker County | 72,820 | 50% | 64% | 3.3% |
| Parmer County | 4,674 | over 99% | over 99% | 7.7% |
| Pecos County | 6,774 | 17% | 74% | 12.7% |
| Polk County | 32,056 | 86% | 87% | 9.5% |
| Potter County | 57,045 | 88% | 94% | 10.9% |
| Presidio County | 4,249 | 79% | 79% | 16.9% |
| Rains County | 7,269 | 49% | 49% | 6.8% |
| Randall County | 67,478 | 93% | 97% | 6.0% |
| Reagan County | 1,947 | 63% | 63% | 19.2% |
| Real County | 3,600 | 66% | 66% | 20.0% |
| Red River County | 8,118 | 63% | 77% | 19.4% |
| Reeves County | 6,821 | 70% | 76% | 24.0% |
| Refugio County | 4,175 | 2% | 58% | 12.7% |
| Roberts County | 657 | 66% | 66% | 19.2% |
| Robertson County | 11,282 | 37% | 39% | 13.0% |
| Rockwall County | 51,445 | 80% | 93% | 2.0% |
| Runnels County | 6,851 | 52% | 64% | 10.5% |
| Rusk County | 25,035 | 76% | 85% | 16.3% |
| Sabine County | 9,186 | 46% | 62% | 11.5% |
| San Augustine County | 6,054 | 18% | 35% | 17.1% |
| San Jacinto County | 17,181 | 70% | 81% | 10.1% |
| San Patricio County | 36,184 | 50% | 90% | 13.4% |
| San Saba County | 4,893 | 95% | 95% | 9.5% |
| Schleicher County | 1,954 | 46% | 46% | 26.1% |
| Scurry County | 8,772 | 61% | 74% | 13.1% |
| Shackelford County | 2,423 | 7% | 56% | 11.3% |
| Shelby County | 14,590 | 32% | 40% | 14.8% |
| Sherman County | 1,707 | 85% | 85% | 3.2% |
| Smith County | 114,912 | 60% | 90% | 7.6% |
| Somervell County | 4,927 | 61% | 71% | 4.9% |
| Starr County | 27,369 | 61% | 88% | 19.9% |
| Stephens County | 6,502 | 1% | 62% | 10.2% |
| Sterling County | 928 | 51% | 51% | 9.0% |
| Stonewall County | 1,368 | 86% | 86% | 4.1% |
| Sutton County | 2,946 | 66% | 66% | 14.5% |
| Swisher County | 4,058 | over 99% | over 99% | 19.9% |
| Tarrant County | 950,881 | 73% | 95% | 4.6% |
| Taylor County | 71,513 | 90% | 96% | 6.8% |
| Terrell County | 983 | 81% | 81% | 13.5% |
| Terry County | 5,736 | 97% | 97% | 9.1% |
| Throckmorton County | 1,573 | 62% | 62% | 5.8% |
| Titus County | 15,068 | 68% | 87% | 12.2% |
| Tom Green County | 59,242 | 77% | 88% | 8.9% |
| Travis County | 708,052 | 63% | 95% | 3.1% |
| Trinity County | 10,090 | 32% | 58% | 11.9% |
| Tyler County | 11,201 | 79% | 88% | 13.5% |
| Upshur County | 20,548 | 80% | 83% | 10.8% |
| Upton County | 2,113 | 23% | 23% | 19.2% |
| Uvalde County | 13,567 | 38% | 78% | 13.5% |
| Val Verde County | 21,726 | 63% | 90% | 11.7% |
| Van Zandt County | 31,896 | 77% | 80% | 11.4% |
| Victoria County | 45,061 | 79% | 86% | 10.1% |
| Walker County | 35,004 | 49% | 78% | 7.8% |
| Waller County | 27,091 | 65% | 72% | 7.0% |
| Ward County | 6,621 | 2% | 63% | 9.9% |
| Washington County | 20,491 | 29% | 47% | 11.1% |
| Webb County | 100,475 | 54% | 95% | 11.1% |
| Wharton County | 21,311 | 63% | 66% | 15.2% |
| Wheeler County | 3,989 | 0% | 8% | 10.0% |
| Wichita County | 61,784 | 82% | 95% | 8.4% |
| Wilbarger County | 6,942 | 89% | 89% | 15.0% |
| Willacy County | 8,165 | 87% | 91% | 13.1% |
| Williamson County | 300,693 | 58% | 92% | 2.4% |
| Wilson County | 22,461 | 55% | 68% | 9.8% |
| Winkler County | 4,105 | 2% | 66% | 8.3% |
| Wise County | 33,618 | 42% | 48% | 8.3% |
| Wood County | 27,120 | 83% | 86% | 10.0% |
| Yoakum County | 3,980 | 79% | 80% | 3.8% |
| Young County | 10,623 | 76% | 81% | 8.6% |
| Zapata County | 7,729 | 16% | 85% | 19.8% |
| Zavala County | 5,136 | 23% | 79% | 13.3% |
See speeds and technologiesFiber reaches 64%, gigabit 78% of homes in Texas
Speeds and technology
How homes in Texas connect
Share of homes that can get each technology at 100/20 Mbps or faster. The amber tick marks gigabit (1,000/100 Mbps) reach.
- Any wired 1 Gbps 77%
- Fiber 1 Gbps 64%
- Cable 1 Gbps 38%
- DSL 1 Gbps under 1%
- Fixed wireless (licensed) 1 Gbps 1%
- Fixed wireless (unlicensed) 1 Gbps 2%
- Satellite (low-orbit) 1 Gbps 0%
Show every technology and speed as a table
| Technology | 100/20 Mbps here | 1 Gbps here |
|---|---|---|
| Fiber | 64% | 64% |
| Cable | 79% | 38% |
| DSL (copper phone lines) | 4% | under 1% |
| Fixed wireless, licensed spectrum | 60% | 1% |
| Fixed wireless, unlicensed spectrum | 19% | 2% |
| Satellite, low-earth-orbit | over 99% | 0% |
| Satellite, geostationary | 0% | 0% |
| Any wired connection | 91% | 77% |
| Any technology | 100% | 78% |
Source: FCC National Broadband Map, as of December 30, 2025 · How we use the data
See household figures10,992,816 households in Texas, from the Census
Household snapshot
Households and internet use in Texas
- Households
- 10,992,816
- Median household income
- $78,476
- Broadband subscription
- 91.4%
- Cellular data plan only
- 12.6%
Households with no internet subscription
Show all household figures as a table
| Measure | Texas |
|---|---|
| Households | 10,992,816 |
| Population | 30,188,424 |
| Median household income | $78,476 |
| Households with a broadband subscription | 91.4% |
| Households with only a cellular data plan | 12.6% |
| Households with satellite internet | 8.5% |
| Households with no internet subscription | 6.2% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS 5-year 2020-2024); estimates have margins of error · How we use the data
Read the short summaryTexas in one paragraph
14 internet providers report home service to at least 5% of homes in Texas, where the FCC counts 13,947,589 locations (homes and businesses). Not counting satellite, AT&T reaches the most homes (64%). Fiber at 100/20 Mbps or faster reaches 64% of homes. Cable at 100/20 Mbps or faster reaches 79% of homes. Gigabit service (1,000/100 Mbps) from any technology reaches 78% of homes. The Census Bureau estimates 10,992,816 households and a median household income of $78,476 in Texas; 6.2% of households have no internet subscription (ACS 5-year 2020-2024).
Where these numbers come fromFCC filings, Census estimates and how to check one address
Check service at your address
The figures on this page summarize what providers reported to the FCC for all homes in Texas. They do not confirm that any provider serves a particular address, and providers' reports can overstate coverage. Two ways to check your own address:
- Search your address on the FCC National Broadband Map.
- Call (815) 934-8169 and we will look up the providers and plans available at your address. We are an independent service, not your provider.
Sources
Provider and technology shares come from the FCC National Broadband Map (provider filings as of December 30, 2025). Household figures come from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS 5-year 2020-2024), which are estimates with margins of error.
- FCC National Broadband Map — Broadband Data Collection public data (D25 filing, released 2026-09-29). Data as of December 30, 2025; retrieved October 9, 2026.
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year 2020-2024 estimates (tables B01003, B25001, B19013, B28002). Data as of ACS 5-year 2020-2024; retrieved October 9, 2026.
- U.S. Census Bureau 2024 Gazetteer Files (town locations) and 2020 Census block files (which county each town lies in). Data as of January 1, 2024 boundaries (Gazetteer); 2020 Census blocks; retrieved October 9, 2026.